Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a common sexually transmitted disease, recognized as the etiologic agent of genital herpes. Two distinct types of herpes simplex virus have been identified: HSV-1 and HSV-2. Primary infections may lead to painful blisters and ulcers in the genital region, while recurrent infections are generally less severe. Accurate diagnosis can be challenging due to the variability in clinical presentation. Antiviral therapies, such as acyclovir, have been shown to alleviate symptoms and reduce the frequency of outbreaks. Caution is advised for pregnant women with genital herpes due to the potential for neonatal transmission during delivery. To reduce this risk, antiviral medication may be given during pregnancy, or a cesarean section may be recommended. Preventive measures, such as avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks and using condoms, can effectively decrease the spread of HSV.