Building a research agenda of cities as anticipatory systems starts with the recognition of the complexity of dynamic processes of transformation in contemporary urban settings that reflect problems of local interrelatedness and global embeddedness. The discipline of anticipation as a new approach to future studies introduces a central role for fundamental uncertainty that shows the importance to visualize existential risks and emerging opportunities associated to long-term horizons. By widening the possibility spaces for future scenarios, different pathways for transformation can be visualized and socially constructed. All relevant stakeholders are included with new forms of agency and governance of the future, including anticipatory communities. The cases in the book provide different kinds of insight based on combinations of conceptualization of futures with varying forms of participation and rule-building. Predictive models are constantly adapted depending on capacities to imagine futures and to introduce these images in the processes of transformation. Anticipatory systems are nested in different levels and types of organizations, connecting thereby images, locations and temporalities. Practices of anticipation are institutionalized formally and informally with heterogeneous levels of futures literacy. Cities as anticipatory systems as a new field of interdisciplinary research still face challenges in topics like anthropocentrism or decolonization.