Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is over-expressed in most primitive and metastatic PCa, and 68Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has demonstrated to be sensitive also for the detection of primary prostatic lesions, especially in men at high risk for PCa. The presence of focal uptake on PSMA PET/CT, SUVmax (range: 3.1–9.1), and maximal dimensions of PET-avid lesions have been correlated with the presence of clinically significant PCa. Recently, a 5-point PRIMARY score has been proposed to optimize the accuracy of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in diagnosing PCa: no pattern (score of 1), diffuse transition zone (TZ) or central zone (not focal) (score of 2), focal TZ (score of 3), focal peripheral zone (PZ) (score of 4), or an SUVmax ≥12 (score of 5). Although the use of PSMA PET/CT for the diagnosis of PCa is experimental, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT evaluation could be proposed in men with clinical suspicion of high risk of PCa to perform diagnosis (targeted biopsy) and staging. Awaiting in the next future new clinical data and hoping that 68Ga-PSMA PET/TC could be easily available in the territory, today 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT could be suggested in men candidate to prostate biopsy who cannot undergo mpMRI be performed (i.e., claustrophobia, cardiac pacemaker, and severe obesity).

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PSMA PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

  • Pietro Pepe

摘要

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is over-expressed in most primitive and metastatic PCa, and 68Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has demonstrated to be sensitive also for the detection of primary prostatic lesions, especially in men at high risk for PCa. The presence of focal uptake on PSMA PET/CT, SUVmax (range: 3.1–9.1), and maximal dimensions of PET-avid lesions have been correlated with the presence of clinically significant PCa. Recently, a 5-point PRIMARY score has been proposed to optimize the accuracy of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in diagnosing PCa: no pattern (score of 1), diffuse transition zone (TZ) or central zone (not focal) (score of 2), focal TZ (score of 3), focal peripheral zone (PZ) (score of 4), or an SUVmax ≥12 (score of 5). Although the use of PSMA PET/CT for the diagnosis of PCa is experimental, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT evaluation could be proposed in men with clinical suspicion of high risk of PCa to perform diagnosis (targeted biopsy) and staging. Awaiting in the next future new clinical data and hoping that 68Ga-PSMA PET/TC could be easily available in the territory, today 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT could be suggested in men candidate to prostate biopsy who cannot undergo mpMRI be performed (i.e., claustrophobia, cardiac pacemaker, and severe obesity).