Recurrent vestibular symptoms of unknown etiology have remained a puzzling phenomenon since the first descriptions by Slater (1979) and Leliever and Barber (1981), which is illustrated best by the different names that have evolved for this condition over the years: e.g., benign recurrent vertigo (BRV), recurrent vestibulopathy (RV) or recurrent vestibular symptoms not otherwise specified (RVS-NOS). This chapter summarizes the current knowledge about this symptom complex, including historical aspects, clinical presentation, patient and family history, course and prognosis, audiovestibular test results, imaging and possible treatment options. Today, BRV/RV/RVS-NOS is often viewed as a group of hetereogeneous vestibular disorders with relatively mild clinical presentations, a stable clinical phenotype over time and a rather favorable clinical prognosis. On the spectrum between vestibular migraine (VM) and Menière’s disease (MD), most authors see BRV/RV/RVS-NOS closer to VM based on the clinical phenotype and audiovestibular findings. Recently, a peculiar interictal headshaking nystagmus (HSN) was discovered as a first biomarker for a subset of patients with BRV (recurrent spontaneous vertigo with interictal HSN = RSV HSN). Future areas of research should include a harmonization of BRV/RV/RVS-NOS definitions, vestibular event monitoring, identification of further biomarkers, and genetic analyses in familial cases of these disorders.