This chapter explores bivariate analysis, focusing on the association and correlation between two variables. It introduces different methods for measuring associations based on different combinations of scales, including nominal, ordinal, and metric variables. Important techniques are covered include contingency tables, chi-squared tests, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rho, Kendall’s tau, and Cramer’s V. The chapter also addresses potential problems such as spurious correlations. Practical examples show how to apply these methods using statistical software such as SPSS, Stata, R and Excel.