The two most common causes for ocular torticollis are incomitant strabismus with binocular fusion and nystagmus with an eccentric null point (Fig. 6.1). Patients with incomitant strabismus will adopt head posturing to place their eyes in a gaze where the eyes are best aligned to obtain fusion. Patients with nystagmus will adopt a head position to put the eyes in a gaze where the nystagmus is less (null point) to improve vision. Determine the cause of ocular torticollis by turning the head opposite to the compensatory head position. This will move the eyes into the non-preferred gaze. With the eyes in the non-preferred gaze, examine for strabismus or nystagmus. If there is no evidence for an ocular cause, check for neck flexibility with the patients’ eyes closed, as there could be a musculoskeletal issue of the neck.