Composite indicators stand as a powerful instrument for consolidating information from diverse domains into a single index. Their primary purpose is to offer a comprehensive overview of various factors or domains related to the subject under consideration. In recent years, the road safety community has increasingly acknowledged the pivotal role of composite indicators in enhancing decision-making processes. This study explores the specific motivations driving the development of these metrics within the road safety research field and analyzes the procedures and methods employed for this purpose. Through a careful examination of a selection of relevant studies, valuable insights into the significance and use of road safety indexes have been gained. This exploration unveils the reasons behind their widespread use and provides a deeper understanding of the techniques and methodologies applied in their construction. Consequently, our research establishes a robust foundation for future endeavors in the construction and refinement of road safety composite indicators.