India is currently executing several mega infrastructure projects for highway and railway sectors including rapid rails and high-speed rail projects. The use of large diameter and longer length bored piles is getting increasingly common as well as increased load on each pile foundation during the last few years due to better equipment and methods of installation. However, this has also increased the requirement of good quality precise testing to ensure that pile quality and capacity are validated. Although it appears easy in theory to execute pile foundations, piling challenges include managing among other issues borehole collapses, using the right fluid, understanding problems during drilling, continuous tremie concrete, etc., and several variables that can be beyond control. Thus, the lack of proper piling practices or monitoring often leads to the poor quality of cast-in-place piles. The present article represents two case studies for a major rail corridor project in Gujarat and discusses the challenges faced in the construction of large-sized bored cast-in-situ piles. The paper also examines the effectiveness of low-strain integrity testing and cross-hole sonic logging in evaluating potential problems. Further inference on the quantification of problems if any with TOMOGRAPHY and 2-D PROFILE is also discussed. The problems identified are compared with these findings and validated. Subsequent repair method to resolve the problems with the pile foundations and subsequent verification by re-testing is also presented in the paper.