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Bioremediation is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach which has gained prominence as a powerful tool in mitigating the adverse environmental impacts of soil and aquatic contamination. In contaminated soil, bioremediation techniques harness the remarkable metabolic capabilities of microorganisms to degrade, transform, or immobilize pollutants. Microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea play pivotal roles in breaking down organic contaminants, such as hydrocarbons and pesticides, and in facilitating the removal of heavy metals through processes like biomineralization. Plant-assisted phytoremediation and engineered systems, like bio-augmentation and biostimulation, offer tailored solutions to address diverse soil contaminants. Recent research has explored the potential of synthetic biology to design custom microbes with enhanced remediation capabilities. In aquatic environments, bioremediation strategies are equally essential in combatting water pollution. Microbial communities, both free-living and associated with plants, contribute significantly to removing contaminants, including nutrients, petroleum hydrocarbons, and toxic metals. Natural systems such as wetlands and constructed treatment wetlands have proven effective in water purification. Additionally, biofilm-based approaches and genetically modified microorganisms promise to enhance the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants. This study provides an overview of the fundamental principles, strategies, and recent advancements in bioremediation; focusing on its application in both soil and aquatic environments with the importance of considering environmental conditions, microbial diversity, and biogeochemical processes. Moreover, it underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among microbiologists, environmental engineers, ecologists, and geneticists to develop innovative and sustainable solutions. As society grapples with increasing pollution and its ecological consequences, bioremediation offers hope for restoring contaminated ecosystems, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and healthier planet. The continuous evolution and refinement of bioremediation technologies are poised to play a pivotal role in addressing the pressing environmental challenges of our time.

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Bioremediation Approaches for Soil and Aquatic Environmental Restoration to Revive Ecosystems

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Twinkle Rout,
  • Soumyashree Rout,
  • Audifax Kpeno,
  • Bhagyashree Nanda,
  • Dattatreya Kar,
  • Ananya kuanar

摘要

Bioremediation is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach which has gained prominence as a powerful tool in mitigating the adverse environmental impacts of soil and aquatic contamination. In contaminated soil, bioremediation techniques harness the remarkable metabolic capabilities of microorganisms to degrade, transform, or immobilize pollutants. Microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea play pivotal roles in breaking down organic contaminants, such as hydrocarbons and pesticides, and in facilitating the removal of heavy metals through processes like biomineralization. Plant-assisted phytoremediation and engineered systems, like bio-augmentation and biostimulation, offer tailored solutions to address diverse soil contaminants. Recent research has explored the potential of synthetic biology to design custom microbes with enhanced remediation capabilities. In aquatic environments, bioremediation strategies are equally essential in combatting water pollution. Microbial communities, both free-living and associated with plants, contribute significantly to removing contaminants, including nutrients, petroleum hydrocarbons, and toxic metals. Natural systems such as wetlands and constructed treatment wetlands have proven effective in water purification. Additionally, biofilm-based approaches and genetically modified microorganisms promise to enhance the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants. This study provides an overview of the fundamental principles, strategies, and recent advancements in bioremediation; focusing on its application in both soil and aquatic environments with the importance of considering environmental conditions, microbial diversity, and biogeochemical processes. Moreover, it underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among microbiologists, environmental engineers, ecologists, and geneticists to develop innovative and sustainable solutions. As society grapples with increasing pollution and its ecological consequences, bioremediation offers hope for restoring contaminated ecosystems, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and healthier planet. The continuous evolution and refinement of bioremediation technologies are poised to play a pivotal role in addressing the pressing environmental challenges of our time.