This chapter discusses Jatropha's environmental, medicinal, and social benefits. The environment and energy needs may improve with this perennial biomass source. Second-generation biofuel jatropha grows well in various soils and is a sustainable fossil fuel alternative. As a phytoremediator, it lowers soil salinity and stores plenty of CO2. Traditional medicine employs the plant's bark, leaves, and roots for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and therapeutic benefits. Jatropha promotes rural development and women's empowerment. Biodiesel, crude oil, and lighting fuel may be made from renewable energy feedstock. The chapter discusses Jatropha cultivation's socioeconomic potential for rural development and women's empowerment in underdeveloped nations and thus to reduce poverty. Agriculture and industry utilize seed cake and glycerin. The plant Jatropha curcas has medicinal and agricultural benefits. Its adaptability and ability to tolerate challenging environments make it an essential crop for Bangladesh's sustainable growth. The chapter stresses studying multifunctional energy crop to address global energy, health, and socioeconomic development challenges.