The impact of external factors on the competitiveness of transport companies is significant. However, special attention should be paid to the internal factors of competitiveness, as they are the most valuable for the company. The most important internal factors include the structure and level of development of material and technical resources, as well as their efficient use. Their systematic analysis is necessary in order to react promptly to any threats. The availability of modern vehicles in the transport company can significantly reduce costs, expand geographical coverage (due to environmental regulations in some countries) and improve the quality of provided services. The efficient use of production assets for the transport of goods depends on maximising productivity, minimising costs and ensuring a high quality of service, while respecting the principles of sustainable development.