This chapter illuminates Michael Piore’s career and contributions to economics. It begins with a brief personal biography highlighting several key episodes and settings that influenced his scholarship. It goes on to position his research as an effort to defend a broadly Keynesian perspective on macroeconomics by reconceptualising the behavioural and institutional underpinnings of microeconomics. In so doing, it pays particularly careful attention to innate tensions in theories of specialisation that underpin mainstream economics; solutions to those tensions that involve the partitioning of labour and product markets; and the social, institutional and linguistic underpinnings of those solutions. It concludes with a brief summary and discussion of the broader implications of Piore’s research programme.