The Advent of Tuberose Floriculture: Agricultural Growth and Its Impact on Farmers’ Socio-economic Well-Being

The cultivation of tuberose is one of the most significant examples of regional economic farming systems. It changes the direction of agriculture of rural farmers from traditional cultivation to floriculture. Tuberose continues to provide economic development day after day while ensuring food security, shelter, textiles, education, jobs, and so on. Twenty variables are collected from 221 farmers through a questionnaire survey in 2022 to determine how floriculture improves the quality of livelihood of the farmers in the Ranaghat administrative subdivision of West Bengal, India. First, we measure the overall study area of tuberose cultivation and then ascertain a separate block-level study through different models. The summary of results of PCA identifies three factors—Economy, Daily Necessities, and Technology and Education—from overall research. Flower production develops farmers’ income facilities, increases the demand for daily necessities, and improves their technological uses with much-improved education of family members. The stepwise multiple linear regression reveals the coefficient of the Economy, Daily Necessities, and Technology and Education. Tuberose cultivation grows in the entire Ranaghat subdivision. The IDW spatial analysis from hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses estimates that tuberose cultivation has spread across four administrative blocks. The high floricultural zones exist from central to southwards in the study area combined with (1) the whole Ranaghat-II (except a few regions of the north), (2) the northeast and south part of Ranaghat-I (except western places), (3) the southwestern part of Hanskhali, and (4) the east to the west part of Santipur (except southern areas). These areas have the nearest vital marketing facilities, massive flower demand, easy transport systems, lack of alternative jobs, availability of favourable materials, etc. The study here proves that it will be one of the powerful tools for eradicating poverty in the coming days in developing countries. It also enhances social learning by studying farmers’ behaviour with tuberose agricultural as well as environmental and social physics research.