In the US, an estimated 60,000 new cases of head and neck cancers are diagnosed every year. These cancers arise from the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract, with the majority being squamous cell carcinoma. Subsites include oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses. Known risk factors include tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal carcinoma (base of tongue, tonsil, soft palate, and pharyngeal wall). The treatment of each subsite within the head and neck is different. In addition, the treatments may affect vital functions such as speech, swallowing, and breathing. Thus, it is important to understand the behavior of each subsite cancer and take functional consideration when making treatment decisions. This chapter discusses the workup and treatment options of each subsite in detail, as well as treatment management and follow-up care.