Decision-Aid Applied to Rank Diverse Energy Storage Systems Technologies: A Methodology Using Information Fusion Concepts

The demand for electricity from renewable sources is increasingly becoming a necessity. Climate change and self-purchasing power demand is a greater nominal power from the public grid. In this way, hybrid microgrid systems (HMGS) – a type of smart grid – have become an alternative to meet power demand. One of the pieces of equipment that has become more essential in these systems is the energy storage system (ESS). Defining which technology is most suitable for a given microgrid is a hard task. This work presents the study and application of fourteen ESSs for a specific industrial electrical dispatch scenario maintained by an HMGS connected to the public grid network. The proposed mathematical modeling is solved by a swarm-evolutionary algorithm. The optimized values of cost, losses, and renewable factors are used as decision-making criteria to rank the ESS using the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision method. The results show that ESSs based on Vanadium Redox Flow can be a good alternative to recent Lithium-based technologies.