Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy originating from the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. Its global distribution shows a significant geographical imbalance, with over 70% of new cases occurring in East and Southeast Asia. The occurrence of NPC is more prevalent among males compared to females. Several risk factors contribute to its development, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which is a primary causal agent, as well as host genetics, ethnic, a family history of NPC, smoking, consumption of preserved foods and alcohol, and poor oral hygiene. Clinical presentation of NPC varies depending on the affected anatomical structures, and common symptoms include epistaxis, unilateral nasal obstruction, serous otitis media, cervical lymphadenopathy, and cranial nerve palsies. Approximately three-quarters of patients experience nodal metastasis in the neck. Diagnosis of NPC involves a combination of nasendoscopy, nasopharyngeal biopsy, and imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG)-PET/CT, which are commonly used for staging and treatment planning. Radiotherapy, either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, remains the primary treatment modality for NPC. However, advances in treatment approaches, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy, are being explored and show promise in recurrent or metastatic cases.