Bell’s palsy (BP) is a condition affecting the facial nerve, leading to muscle weakness on one side of the face. It typically begins suddenly, usually within 72 h. Symptoms may include heightened sensitivity to sound, changes in facial sensation, pain around the neck or ear, or altered sense of taste. Bell’s palsy is more commonly seen in individuals aged 15–45, with a slightly higher occurrence in middle and later life. It affects both genders equally, with an annual rate of 20–40 cases per 100,000 people. While the exact cause of Bell’s palsy has traditionally been unknown, one potential factor is infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment and the exclusion of other possible causes. The severity of the condition is often evaluated using the House-Brackmann scale. Routine laboratory, imaging, or neurophysiological tests are generally not recommended at the initial presentation of typical Bell’s palsy. Distinguishing Bell’s palsy from other conditions involves considering factors such as congenital, cerebrovascular, infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and traumatic causes. Early treatment with corticosteroids has been found to improve facial function recovery, especially when administered within the first 72 h. Approximately 85% of patients experience some level of recovery within the first 3 weeks, with the remaining 15% recovering between 3 and 5 months. Ultimately, about 70% of all patients achieve full recovery.

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Bell’s Palsy

  • Konstantinos Garefis,
  • Nikolaos Tsetsos

摘要

Bell’s palsy (BP) is a condition affecting the facial nerve, leading to muscle weakness on one side of the face. It typically begins suddenly, usually within 72 h. Symptoms may include heightened sensitivity to sound, changes in facial sensation, pain around the neck or ear, or altered sense of taste. Bell’s palsy is more commonly seen in individuals aged 15–45, with a slightly higher occurrence in middle and later life. It affects both genders equally, with an annual rate of 20–40 cases per 100,000 people. While the exact cause of Bell’s palsy has traditionally been unknown, one potential factor is infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment and the exclusion of other possible causes. The severity of the condition is often evaluated using the House-Brackmann scale. Routine laboratory, imaging, or neurophysiological tests are generally not recommended at the initial presentation of typical Bell’s palsy. Distinguishing Bell’s palsy from other conditions involves considering factors such as congenital, cerebrovascular, infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and traumatic causes. Early treatment with corticosteroids has been found to improve facial function recovery, especially when administered within the first 72 h. Approximately 85% of patients experience some level of recovery within the first 3 weeks, with the remaining 15% recovering between 3 and 5 months. Ultimately, about 70% of all patients achieve full recovery.