Management of Pediatric Vertigo

Vertigo and dizziness are common disorders in pediatric patients, but there is limited data in the literature on the prevalence of these disorders. Another factor that affects the prevalence is the diagnostic methods used to identify the etiology, and the symptoms associated with the underlying disease are influenced by various factors, including age and comorbid factors. These disorders and related symptoms often have a significant impact on the quality of life of both patients and parents. Recurrent childhood vertigo, vestibular migraine and related disorders, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease, recurrent vestibulopathy, and acute otitis media/serious otitis media-related vertigo are the most commonly diagnosed conditions, occurring alone or in association with other conditions. In the child presenting with complaints of dizziness and/or vertigo, it is important to determine whether the cause of the complaints is central, peripheral, or both. This is done by taking a good history, performing a detailed physical examination, and, if necessary, using imaging techniques and audiovestibular testing. Although dizziness in children is an uncommon symptom, it requires a comprehensive evaluation with a multidisciplinary approach. A thorough evaluation of children with vertigo is essential for successful treatment and to reduce parental anxiety. This chapter focuses on the most common disorders that lead to vertigo and balance disorders in children.