Assam is subject to recurring floods due to its location on the Brahmaputra floodplain and the rivers flowing from nearby hilly regions to the valley. A study was conducted in Darrang district, Assam, using Google Earth Engine (GEE)GEE and Sentinel data to observe the spatial and temporal variation of flood dynamics in 2022. The K-means classification results show that 41% of the district was submerged under water after extracting the permanent water body with the help ofMNDWI Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). Pre-flood, peak flood, and post-flood behavior were observed with a floodwater depth of about 7.2 m at peak duration. The main floodingFlooding event lasted almost 12 days, mainly affecting the southwestern and northwestern parts of the district. The intersection of the LULC map and the flood extent map helps identify the regions affected by floodingFlooding in and around the study area. The bar morphology of the Brahmaputra River in the study area shows a large amount of erosion and deposition during the peak- and post-flood event, respectively. Several large sand bar depositions took place during the post-flood event. Two rivers from each side of the district were considered to observe the sinuosity index of their river channels, to know the nature of these rivers and their impact on the surrounding environment. It was found that these rivers were meandering in nature with shallow alluvial plains, which is responsible for high flood events in the district.

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Spatiotemporal Flood Impact Assessment Using Google Earth Engine—Case of Darrang District, Assam

  • Ranadeep Sarma,
  • Subhas Bera,
  • P. K. Ryngnga

摘要

Assam is subject to recurring floods due to its location on the Brahmaputra floodplain and the rivers flowing from nearby hilly regions to the valley. A study was conducted in Darrang district, Assam, using Google Earth Engine (GEE)GEE and Sentinel data to observe the spatial and temporal variation of flood dynamics in 2022. The K-means classification results show that 41% of the district was submerged under water after extracting the permanent water body with the help ofMNDWI Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). Pre-flood, peak flood, and post-flood behavior were observed with a floodwater depth of about 7.2 m at peak duration. The main floodingFlooding event lasted almost 12 days, mainly affecting the southwestern and northwestern parts of the district. The intersection of the LULC map and the flood extent map helps identify the regions affected by floodingFlooding in and around the study area. The bar morphology of the Brahmaputra River in the study area shows a large amount of erosion and deposition during the peak- and post-flood event, respectively. Several large sand bar depositions took place during the post-flood event. Two rivers from each side of the district were considered to observe the sinuosity index of their river channels, to know the nature of these rivers and their impact on the surrounding environment. It was found that these rivers were meandering in nature with shallow alluvial plains, which is responsible for high flood events in the district.