Bryophytes comprise nearly 23,000 species and are part of the most diverse group of terrestrial plants. They are the most important components of biodiversity and play a significant role in ecosystem dynamics. They are able to grow in a variety of habitats, including the upper part of the ground containing humus under the forest, on soil, on rocks, in crevices, on tree barks, dead logs, and on the branches of trees. They are adapted to survive on surfaces that have the least amount of humus. The bryophytes play an important role in the ecosystem, as they fill the gaps and maintain the moisture. They can render various ecosystem services, such as oil formation, which provides habitat to small organisms; nutrient cycling; soil erosion management; pest and disease control; and bio-monitoring of heavy metals, which is an indicator of pollution.