Patient Positioning and Planning in Total Ankle Replacement Through Anterior and Lateral Approach

In this chapter a detailed overview of the anterior approach for total ankle replacement (TAR) is presented. TAR is a surgical procedure indicated as a treatment for ankle osteoarthritis (AO), with many advantages over arthrodesis due to improvements in surgical techniques and implant designs. The most common approach for TAR is through the interval between the tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus tendons. Proper patient positioning, typically in a supine position with slight limb intra-rotation, is crucial for successful surgery. Preoperative planning involves a thorough physical examination and weight-bearing X-rays to assess alignment and stability. Advanced imaging techniques such as MRI, CT, and SPECT-CT are recommended for complex cases. Accessory procedures may be necessary to correct deformities and improve outcomes. Postoperative care involves using a Walker brace and gradual weight-bearing to ensure recovery.