Emergencies in pediatric oncology are extreme situations where the oncologist and surgeon have to be quick and accurate in solving the problem. Working with a trained and coordinated multiprofessional team is of great importance. This chapter is didactically divided by body segments (cervical, thoracic, abdominal, genitourinary, and spinal cord compression). The major cervical emergencies are airway obstruction. In addition, the team must be familiar with airway management strategies (bronchoscopy intubation, retrograde intubation, and cricothyroidotomy). Anterior mediastinum tumor and superior vena cava syndrome are very delicate situations. Prompt biopsy and earlier treatment are the mainstream. The Burkitt abdominal tumor could present with acute abdomen obstruction and intestinal perforation. For Lymphoma patients, the corner stone of the treatment will be chemotherapy. Then the surgery needs to be as conservative as possible, in the sense of obtaining material for biopsy and avoiding intestinal resections. Solid tumors in children can present as large abdominal masses like renal tumors, liver tumors, and neuroblastoma. These large abdominal masses with friable tumors are subject to rupture from minor trauma. Neutropenic enterocolitis is a specific condition in chemotherapy treatment patients and is defined as a transmural necrotizing inflammation of the colon with frequent involvement of the ileum and ascending colon in the presence of neutropenia. Ureter obstruction for the abdominal tumor is another situation that is preferred to be treated with ureteric stenting over percutaneous nephrostomy. Hemorrhagic cystitis is defined as diffuse bladder bleeding, another condition specific to oncology patients. In conclusion, surgeons and oncologists need to manage many specific urgencies and emergency conditions.