This comprehensive review explores the psychological dimensions of disinformation, examining its etiological factors and potential mitigation strategies. The paper delves into the circumstances that make individuals susceptible to disinformation, highlighting the role of emotional arousal, information deficits, and digital environments in amplifying vulnerability. It discusses the impact of disinformation on societal functioning, including its effects on the economic, political, and social spheres. This article emphasizes the importance of critical thinking, source verification, and emotional regulation as key psychological tools in combating disinformation. It also examines the relationship between personality traits and susceptibility to false information, noting the complex interplay between traits such as conscientiousness, openness to experience, and agreeableness. Emerging challenges, such as deepfake technology, are addressed, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches in disinformation research and mitigation efforts. The paper concludes by underscoring the critical role of psychological insights in developing effective countermeasures against the proliferation of false information in the digital age.