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High-speed railway is a highly automated and reliable system, but during natural disasters, it still relies on dispatchers to execute fast andaccurateemergency responses. This study examines the core decision problem faced by dispatchers in emergency management - the issue of priority judgment. Focusing on earthquake scenarios, this study examined how situational factors and individual competence as measured by working memory capacity jointly affect this process. A total of 71 professional high-speed rail dispatchers participated. Their working memory was first assessed using 2-back tasks. They then made priority judgments in a series of scenarios involving two trains with varying distal differences toward earthquake center (ΔD: 0 km, 4 km, 8 km, 12 km, 16 km, 20 km) and directions (toward/away from the earthquake zone). The results show that all factors jointly influenced the dispatchers’ priority judgments. Crucially, the distal differences (ΔD) had a decisive impact, with trains closer to the epicenter more likely to be prioritized. Furthermore, only dispatchers with high working memory capacity considered the influence of train movement direction. This study not only introduces a new approach to understanding human decision in complex systems but also provides theoretical support for dispatcher training programs - an important practical step to ensure the safe and efficient operation of high-speed rail networks during emergencies.

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Which Train Should Be Stopped First? The Impact of Working Memory Capacity and Relative Risk Level on Priority Judgment of High-Speed Railway Dispatchers During Emergency

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Yan Jiang,
  • Lei Shi,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Jingyu Zhang,
  • Zizheng Guo,
  • Zhenqi Chen,
  • Qiaofeng Guo,
  • Yan Zhang

摘要

High-speed railway is a highly automated and reliable system, but during natural disasters, it still relies on dispatchers to execute fast andaccurateemergency responses. This study examines the core decision problem faced by dispatchers in emergency management - the issue of priority judgment. Focusing on earthquake scenarios, this study examined how situational factors and individual competence as measured by working memory capacity jointly affect this process. A total of 71 professional high-speed rail dispatchers participated. Their working memory was first assessed using 2-back tasks. They then made priority judgments in a series of scenarios involving two trains with varying distal differences toward earthquake center (ΔD: 0 km, 4 km, 8 km, 12 km, 16 km, 20 km) and directions (toward/away from the earthquake zone). The results show that all factors jointly influenced the dispatchers’ priority judgments. Crucially, the distal differences (ΔD) had a decisive impact, with trains closer to the epicenter more likely to be prioritized. Furthermore, only dispatchers with high working memory capacity considered the influence of train movement direction. This study not only introduces a new approach to understanding human decision in complex systems but also provides theoretical support for dispatcher training programs - an important practical step to ensure the safe and efficient operation of high-speed rail networks during emergencies.