In food science and engineering, machine learning technology is a potent implement that offers several benefits, such as pattern recognition, result prediction, and customization and adaptation to meet individual demands. Its continued advancement could give industry and researchers important new insights into the subject and greatly increase the efficiency of dairy processing. In the cattle industry, ML algorithms have been shown effective in addressing several problems, including early disease identification. It is anticipated that these algorithms will be utilized for welfare monitoring in the future. Numerous goals are achieved by the most popular automation systems used in animal production, including automated birth detection, drafting, feeding, milking, identification, and many other farm tasks. An overview of ML’s application to dairy production and its possibility to boost processing productivity is provided in this book chapter. The most popular and effective algorithms, underlining the difficulties and barriers to these methods’ widespread adoption in the dairy industry. It also offers conclusions and views for the future. For those in the dairy business who are attracted to knowing more about or utilizing ML, the study is an invaluable resource.