The history of relations between Sasanian Iran and the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium) in late antiquity is a well-researched topic, though the focus has been mostly on the wars and political relations written mostly from the Byzantine perspective. It was only in the past two decades that substantial advances have been made in topics such as the Sasanian imperial apparatus and its army. It is also notable that new research has been made into the extensive military infrastructure established in the border regions of the Sasanian Empire. What was the purpose behind the construction of walls and fortresses, and how were geographic barriers leveraged to bolster the empire’s defensive capabilities? Concurrently, questions about the Sasanians’ broader view of their empire’s role in the Middle East during late antiquity, aspects such as their strategic interests have likewise emerged. This line of thought prompts a new question: to what extent were the Sasanian shahanshahs operating under a certain overarching plan which could be described as a “grand strategy”?