A thorough understanding of neuroanatomy is essential for practicing clinical neurology and neurosurgery and also for neuropsychology, neuropsychiatry, neuropathology, and experimental neuroscience, as brain function is structured in its anatomy. Initially, understanding relied on pneumoencephalography and ex vivo brain atlases (Talairach 1957; Schaltenbrand and Wahren 1977). Imaging the structure of the brain in vivo has been possible since the advent of MRI in the 1980s. The resolution and definition of brain MRI has improved dramatically over the last 30 years with the development of magnets, coils, gradients, acquisition sequences, and post-acquisition processing.