The appearance of the endometrium on MRI varies throughout life and across the menstrual cycle. Benign pathologies frequently affect the endometrium, such as hyperplasia and polyps. MRI is not primarily used to characterize endometrial thickening. However, when incidentally discovered, several features such as diffusion imaging are useful to differentiate benign from malignant causes. Malignant pathologies are mostly represented by endometrial carcinomas. Two histological types are distinct because of their different prognosis: nonaggressive lesions (grade 1 and 2 endometrioid carcinomas) and aggressive types (grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma and other carcinomas). Endometrioid carcinoma is by far the most frequent, obesity being the main risk factor of the nonaggressive type. The FIGO classification was updated in 2023 to incorporate additional histopathological features. MRI is essential for presurgical FIGO staging, evaluating key parameters such as myometrial, cervical, adnexal, or nodal invasion. Mesenchymal tumors can also occur within the endometrium, categorized into pure mesenchymal tumors (endometrial stromal sarcomas) and mixed mesenchymal and epithelial tumors (adenosarcomas), each having their own FIGO classification but sharing similar suggestive appearance at imaging.