The radioanatomy of the vagina needs to be known and explored using an adequate imaging protocol in order to precisely address the patient’s issue. Vaginal opacification with ultrasound gel is required in most cases as it distends the cavity, allowing better visualization of the vaginal wall layers. Congenital vaginal anomalies are common and require MRI assessment, except for hymeneal imperforation. Benign affections are frequent, mainly represented by the Gardner’s cyst. Vaginal myoma and endometriotic implants are less well known but typical and can be diagnosed by MRI. Primary vaginal malignancies are rare but are better staged by MRI, especially by assessing tumor size and lymph node invasion. Secondary malignant vaginal involvement is far more common, mostly due to direct extension from the cervix, and can be effectively evaluated with MRI.