Robotic Systems, Equipment, Instrumentation, and Troubleshooting

As in any surgical procedure, correct instrumentation is a key component of successful robotic liver resection. Whereas the number of robotic hepatectomies has steeply increased over the past years, equipment and instrumentation designed specifically for robotic liver surgery are still lacking. Thus, surgical techniques reflect the current state of exploration and adaptation of instruments designed for robotic or minimally invasive surgery in general to the emerging field of robotic liver surgery [20]. Therefore, in this chapter, we will summarize various alternative instruments and devices reported in the literature.