Higher-Order Adaptive Dynamical System Modeling of the Role of Epigenetics in Substance Use Disorder

In this paper, we present a higher-order adaptive self-modelling network model developed to explain the role of epigenetics in the development and progression of Substance Use Disorder (SUD), particularly concerning cocaine addiction. The model includes multiple adaptive levels to simulate the complex dynamics of addiction progression, where pathways of higher orders of adaptivity adjust and regulate the characteristics of those in lower orders. This higher-order adaptive dynamical system is constructed following the self-modeling network model principle and is based on relevant neurobiological processes, including the role of the transcription factor CREB on the prodynorphin gene that is vital in modulating the epigenetic changes induced by cocaine abuse, which contribute to the persistent, long-term effects on the brain and behavior of an individual.