Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Nutraceuticals

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the lungs characterized by emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Airway changes in COPD, including enlargement of bronchial mucous glands and muscle hypertrophy, result in obstruction, leading to mucus hypersecretion and inflammation. Given its global impact on mortality and morbidity, there is an urgent need to identify modifiable risk factors for COPD prevention and management. COPD patients often face life-threatening exacerbations necessitating escalated therapy and hospitalizations. Dietary interventions have demonstrated positive effects on COPD patients’ health, awareness of dietary habits and nutritional interventions remains limited. Nutritional status and body composition significantly influence COPD outcomes, with interventions proving particularly effective in undernourished patients. Embracing a nutritious diet rich in antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties and healthy lifestyle from an early age can safeguard lung function and potentially prevent or ameliorate COPD progression. This chapter explores the pathogenesis of malnutrition in COPD and highlights how various diets, alone or combined with nutraceuticals, can enhance pulmonary function, mitigate lung function decline, and lower COPD risk.