Geroscience

GeroscienceGeroscience is a discipline that investigates the relationship between biological mechanisms of agingAging across species with the goal of understanding the molecular and cellularCellular pathways underlying age-related diseases. GeroscienceGeroscience is based on finding connections between the so-called “hallmarks of agingHallmarks of aging”, a term that refers mainly to stress adaptation, epigenetics, inflammationInflammation, macromolecular damage, metabolism, proteostasisProteostasis, stem cellsStem cells and regeneration, and nutrient sensingNutrient sensing, to elucidate the processes that are damaged in chronic diseasesChronic disease and highly prevalent in older adultsOlder adults. In this chapter, we have attempted to explain the origins of GeroscienceGeroscience, its relevance to the study of agingAging and its link to disease, highlighting specific experimental findings from animal studies that focus on the physiopathological features of age-related diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, sarcopeniaSarcopenia, osteoporosisOsteoporosis, cancerCancer, diabetes, and frailtyFrailty). Finally, we discussed some potential biomarkersBiomarker that have been proposed to improve diagnosis or accelerate the identification of therapeutic targetsTherapeutic targets to minimize the negative impact of chronic diseasesChronic disease during agingAging.