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The chapter aims to elucidate the evolving status of Poland’s automotive industry within Europe. It delves into the sector’s dynamics, examining its contributions to the EU in terms of production, employment, investment, and trade over the past decades. Subsequently, the chapter analyses the roles of both foreign and domestic firms, labour productivity, production capabilities, and the advancement of research and development and other non-production functions, comparing Poland to other European nations. By investigating the sources of competitive advantage and weaknesses in Poland’s automotive industry and assessing the impact of public policies, the chapter concludes with a discussion on potential future developments in the sector. The theoretical framework is grounded in the Global Production Network/Global Value Chain perspective, considering Poland’s position as part of the semi-periphery or integrated periphery. The analysis utilizes Eurostat and ACEA data for international comparisons and the authors’ company database for a detailed overview of the Polish sector. Poland has significantly transformed from its position as an isolated periphery in global manufacturing in the late 1980s. Through integration into European production networks, the country has emerged as an important automotive producer and exporter, with an increasing share in the EU market. Poland plays a particularly vital role in the manufacturing of various parts and accessories. However, this growth has been accompanied by a relatively slower advancement in non-production functions, especially research and development. The ongoing technological, economic, and political changes present both challenges and opportunities for Poland’s automotive industry. Future growth and upgrading of the sector will depend on the organic expansion of domestic manufacturers with strong indigenous design capabilities, the adoption of advanced business models, the establishment of collaborative networks that strengthen industry connections, and the development of a supportive institutional environment backed by relevant public policies.

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The Changing Position of Poland’s Automotive Industry in the European Division of Labour

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Bolesław Domański,
  • Robert Guzik,
  • Krzysztof Gwosdz

摘要

The chapter aims to elucidate the evolving status of Poland’s automotive industry within Europe. It delves into the sector’s dynamics, examining its contributions to the EU in terms of production, employment, investment, and trade over the past decades. Subsequently, the chapter analyses the roles of both foreign and domestic firms, labour productivity, production capabilities, and the advancement of research and development and other non-production functions, comparing Poland to other European nations. By investigating the sources of competitive advantage and weaknesses in Poland’s automotive industry and assessing the impact of public policies, the chapter concludes with a discussion on potential future developments in the sector. The theoretical framework is grounded in the Global Production Network/Global Value Chain perspective, considering Poland’s position as part of the semi-periphery or integrated periphery. The analysis utilizes Eurostat and ACEA data for international comparisons and the authors’ company database for a detailed overview of the Polish sector. Poland has significantly transformed from its position as an isolated periphery in global manufacturing in the late 1980s. Through integration into European production networks, the country has emerged as an important automotive producer and exporter, with an increasing share in the EU market. Poland plays a particularly vital role in the manufacturing of various parts and accessories. However, this growth has been accompanied by a relatively slower advancement in non-production functions, especially research and development. The ongoing technological, economic, and political changes present both challenges and opportunities for Poland’s automotive industry. Future growth and upgrading of the sector will depend on the organic expansion of domestic manufacturers with strong indigenous design capabilities, the adoption of advanced business models, the establishment of collaborative networks that strengthen industry connections, and the development of a supportive institutional environment backed by relevant public policies.