DuringTemuco the so-called “pacificationHistorical cartography of AraucaníaAraucanía” (1862–1883), a Mapuche territory located in the south of ChileChile, the Operations Army proceeded to establish forts in strategic areas of the territory. These forts were the site for the development of a population associated with the colonization carried out by the Chilean stateState. After the creation of the provinces of Malleco and Cautín in 1887, these settlements, now turned into populations, were established as departmental head cities, with TemucoTemuco experiencing the greatest urban growth and economic boom. This chapter explores the construction of the city in light of the first urban cartographies made between 1888 and 1892. These plans account for an urban model based on the orthogonal grid of checkers and the changes that the layout underwent due to the implementation of the railway and the channeling of one of the streams. Other aspects to be evaluated will be the development of squares and avenues as possible city limits, as well as the dispersion of public and civil programs. As ongoing research, the preponderance of the foundational plan of 1888 in the subsequent development of the urban grid in later decades is determined, anticipating on paper the logics of spaceSpace occupation, either in the division of lots or in the programmatic use of these. In the successive plans, the drastic intervention of the diagonal and the incorporation of avenues, squares and the railway infrastructure, all of them as pieces that mediate between the foundational area and the residential expansions after 1920. It is concluded that TemucoTemuco was born to be a city of great regional importance. In its first plans, this condition is projected, which is why the transformations carried out to adapt to the natural environmentEnvironment, to national transportTransport policies and to the creation of new urban spacesSpace associated with educationEducation, health and leisure are incorporated into the successive cartographic representationsCartographic representation.