Rapid digital transformation of society has significantly impacted public administration and the exercise of fundamental rights. This article examines the challenges posed by electronic elections, drawing insights from Estonia’s experience with e-voting, where technical failures and public mistrust have raised concerns about constitutional compliance. It also explores the shift towards digital communication with the state and its implications for privacy, security, and equitable access to services. Furthermore, the article discusses the evolving need for legal frameworks to protect personal data and explores whether rights such as internet access should be recognized as fundamental. Finally, the integration of artificial intelligence in state decision-making processes is analysed, focusing on ethical concerns, potential discrimination, and the need for safeguards to ensure accountability and transparency. Finally, the article concludes by emphasizing the importance of balancing technological innovation with the protection of fundamental rights to foster a just digital society.