Navigating Usability Challenges in Collaborative Learning with Augmented Reality

This study investigates how augmented reality (AR) significantly enhances collaborative activities, aiding students in grasping complex STEM concepts. Using Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA), we analyzed conversations between student pairs exploring Kepler's laws of planetary motion with an AR simulation. The results from both ENA analyses and pre-/post-assessments indicate that AR promotes effective collaboration through dynamic communication and problem-solving strategies and has a profound positive impact on collaborative learning. Despite technical challenges, such as AR software and hardware issues, the overall impact on collaborative learning was positive. AR's interactive elements encouraged active participation, more profound comprehension of the content, and positive attitude changes toward science. This research underscores AR's potential in enhancing STEM education while highlighting the need to address technical and usability issues in AR applications. The encouraging results of this study should inspire and motivate further exploration and development of AR in education.