Optimal Location and Size of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Distributed Generations

Ensuring the system stability and minimizing losses in distribution networks are essential factors for cost reduction. However, the rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates investment in expanding, developing, and planning infrastructure for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) to meet increasing demand. Integrating EVCSs into distribution networks result in a sudden surge in load, posing numerous challenges such as heightened losses, voltage drops below acceptable levels, and instability. This study proposes the One-Rank Cuckoo Search Algorithm (ORCSA) to address these challenges by optimizing the location and size of EVCSs, considering constraints and incorporating distributed generations (DGs). The objective of the problem is to minimize power loss while adhering to constraints related to voltage deviation, voltage stability index, and power balance. The IEEE standard distribution networks 33 and 69 bus are used for test cases, The basic voltage of the 12.7 kV system, the maximum and minimum power of the generating units are 2.786, 2.852, and 0.2 MW, with total power losses of 210.99 and 225.001 kW and simulations are conducted using Matlab across various DGs mobilization scenarios.