In the separation experiments described in the first chapter, most of the mother-infant interaction is defined in terms of contact and proximity; however, what is not specified is the mechanism that takes place in this contact or proximity or the role that mechanism plays in the infant’s development. Based on the relevance of contact as a measurement of the mother-infant interaction, and acknowledging the importance of the findings of the isolation and separation experiments on monkeys and apes, as well as those on the role of touch in rats, monkeys, and apes, I argue that one of the relevant elements in contact is the touch as provided by the mother in chimpanzees. I argue that the interaction that takes place between caregivers and young infants through the mode of touch opens the door for the infant’s development of social cognition (i.e., how we store, process, and use information of our social partners). Through interacting with their mothers (or parents/caregivers), the infant begins to understand early in their development that there is an “other” and that this other has a perspective that is different from theirs, a basic trait of social cognition. Touch, as experienced in the mother and infant interaction, also allows primates to learn how to regulate their emotions, and this regulation allows infants to be calm enough to pay attention to the world around them, including their social partners.