Coastal Area Vulnerability to Tropical Cyclonic Hazard: A Geoinformation and IPCC Approach Based Study
摘要
Coastal regions bear significant physical, social, and economic value, however, remain exceedingly susceptible to natural disasters, including the destructive forces of tropical cyclones, which pose a substantial threat to life and livelihoods in these areas. Since the impact of tropical cyclonic hazard cannot be fully prevented, but it can be alleviated through a range of adaptation strategies. However, for designing the appropriate adaptation strategies in cyclone-prone areas to protect life and their livelihood, vulnerability assessment is followed globally. Thus, this study was an attempt to an in-depth assessment of the coastal area vulnerability (CAV) to tropical cyclonic hazard at a local scale. The process of assessing CAV is an extremely time-consuming procedure that requires investigating several factors that also vary according to the space and time. Thus, the multi-criteria assessment technique facilitated by remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) was utilized to evaluate CAV in Kalapara upazila, Bangladesh. Adapting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) approach to vulnerability, fifteen criteria were evaluated under the three components of vulnerability, e.g., physical, social, and coping capacity. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to weigh these criteria, and the GIS-aided MCE module was then utilized to produce each of the vulnerability indices. Ultimately, by combining vulnerability indices for physical, social, and coping capacities, comprehensive CAV map was generated. The CAV result shows that in the south-east, central, and south-west regions of the research area, nearly one-third (36.52%) of the entire region is classified as a high to very high vulnerable zone. Using the spatial layer of CAV, it feasible to identify the susceptible areas with varying degrees of severity, and these places needed immediate attention through appropriate management and adaptation strategy. Thus, the finding of the study may help the policymaker and stockholders in identifying the most vulnerable areas and developing more mitigation capacities and actionable strategies for the mitigation of tropical cyclonic hazard impact. This study was applied at a local scale, but by appropriate adjustment of some criteria, CAV derived by RS-, GIS-, and AHP-aided MCE approach can be applied to other coastal regions and or any other natural hazard at regional scale also.