Complications of Otitis Media

Complications of otitis media are a common challenge in developing countries. These complications can be attributed to various factors such as socioeconomic inequalities, limited access to education, inadequate healthcare facilities, and lack of awareness of otological symptoms. Conversely, the incidence of complications in developed countries may be influenced by factors such as antibiotic resistance, which hinders effective treatment, and the use of antibiotics, which can temporarily mask symptoms and lead to delayed diagnosis. In addition, changes in the virulence of the causative microorganisms may play a role in the complications seen in developed countries. Intratemporal and extratemporal complications are subdivisions of extracranial complications. Among intratemporal complications, acute mastoiditis is the most common. Meningitis is recognized as the most common intracranial complication, while brain abscess has the highest mortality rate among complications. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can prevent the onset or progression of many complications.