Urban Sustainability: Myth, Advocacy, or Reality? Exploring the Link Between Demographic Evolution and Urbanization in Europe

In this study, we will investigate the evolution of European cities, beginning with the period of economic industrialization, transitioning through the post-industrial phase, and culminating in the contemporary era of expansive urbanization—an era characterized by unprecedented growth in human history. The imperative for this research arises from the increasingly critical issues related to achieving environmental sustainability, urban development, and societal progress. Additionally, there is a growing body of research that seeks to directly correlate demographic development with its impacts on the environment, climate, and water resources.