Arid regions are characterized by water scarcity and quality challenges. This comprehensive review emphasizes the critical role of irrigation water quality in sustaining agriculture. It examines how water quality impacts plant growth, soil health, and overall productivity, underscoring the significance of irrigation practices and water management strategies in mitigating moisture stress during crucial crop growth stages. Key water quality parameters, such as salinity, pH, dissolved minerals, and heavy metals, are explored in the context of irrigation suitability. The review highlights current trends in irrigation water quality management, focusing on emerging technologies like smart irrigation systems and the Internet of Things. It addresses concerns related to water pollution, particularly excessive nitrogen discharge, and the need for innovative mitigation strategies to uphold water quality. Several research gaps and contradictions in the literature are identified, and the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and understanding long-term water quality characteristics in arid regions are emphasized.