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The aquaculture industry's effluent, containing high levels of contaminants, presents environmental hazards and leads to eutrophication when put into water systems. Proteolytic enzymes, often known as proteases, have great potential for improving wastewater treatment and optimising sludge dewatering procedures. This work aims to generate protease from Aspergillus niger by solid-state fermentation (SSF), with prawn shell powder as the solid substrate. Optimisation research determined the optimal conditions for protease production by analysing moisture content, incubation temperature and inoculum size. The most favourable parameters for obtaining a protease yield of 3.7 U/mg were determined to be an inoculum size of 1.0, a moisture content of 60% and an incubation temperature of 35 °C. The aquaculture sludge examined in this research showed elevated levels of total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), with measurements of 8280 and 5866.67 mg/L, respectively. The study utilised protease obtained from SSF and a commercial protease for enzymatic treatment of the sludge in a seven-day batch test. The SSF protease eliminated 79.63% of TSS and 67.27% of COD, while the commercial protease reduced TSS by 73.95% and COD by 92.32%. The study's findings suggest that Aspergillus niger is a viable option for producing protease via SSF using prawn waste as a substrate. The protease generated not only efficiently decreased TSS and COD levels but also demonstrated impactful cost-effectiveness in comparison to commercial alternatives. The results offer useful insights for improving protease production and optimising the management of aquaculture sludge.

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Aquaculture Sludge Treatment: Leveraging Aspergillus Niger for Protease Production Through Solid-State Fermentation

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ooi Chee Kuan,
  • Nazaitulshila Rasit,
  • Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah,
  • Sofiah Hamzah,
  • Mohammad Hakim Che Harun,
  • Md. Nurul Islam Siddique

摘要

The aquaculture industry's effluent, containing high levels of contaminants, presents environmental hazards and leads to eutrophication when put into water systems. Proteolytic enzymes, often known as proteases, have great potential for improving wastewater treatment and optimising sludge dewatering procedures. This work aims to generate protease from Aspergillus niger by solid-state fermentation (SSF), with prawn shell powder as the solid substrate. Optimisation research determined the optimal conditions for protease production by analysing moisture content, incubation temperature and inoculum size. The most favourable parameters for obtaining a protease yield of 3.7 U/mg were determined to be an inoculum size of 1.0, a moisture content of 60% and an incubation temperature of 35 °C. The aquaculture sludge examined in this research showed elevated levels of total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), with measurements of 8280 and 5866.67 mg/L, respectively. The study utilised protease obtained from SSF and a commercial protease for enzymatic treatment of the sludge in a seven-day batch test. The SSF protease eliminated 79.63% of TSS and 67.27% of COD, while the commercial protease reduced TSS by 73.95% and COD by 92.32%. The study's findings suggest that Aspergillus niger is a viable option for producing protease via SSF using prawn waste as a substrate. The protease generated not only efficiently decreased TSS and COD levels but also demonstrated impactful cost-effectiveness in comparison to commercial alternatives. The results offer useful insights for improving protease production and optimising the management of aquaculture sludge.