The male genital system is an intricate, complex arrangement of organs and structures that participate in vital functions including reproduction and hormone regulation. This chapter delves into the gross and microscopic pathology of this system. Disease conditions may result in significant changes to the structure of these organs, leading to changes in function, and ultimately to various symptoms and clinical findings. A variety of disease processes can affect the male genital system, including infections, inflammation, trauma, congenital abnormalities, and neoplastic diseases.