Fundamentals of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology works with the smallest particles, which raises hope for better agricultural productivity and for trying to solve unsolved problems conventionally. Nanotechnology is a cutting-edge, advanced interdisciplinary field based on the use of materials at the nanoscale, contributing to every science field, such as biomedicine, engineering, chemistry, and physics. The integration of nanotechnology in the field of agriculture has overcome many challenges related to crop productivity, plant diseases, soil fertility, food security, waste restoration, and environmental protection. The use of hazardous chemicals in conventional agriculture has substantially reduced with the use of nanoformulated pesticides and fertilizers originating from biological sources. The application of nanotechnology in the agriculture and food industries is receiving attention nowadays. In this chapter, we explore the potential of fundamental nanotechnology and its progress in the agricultural sector, with a brief historical background. We focus on the applications of nanotechnology, the sustainability of agri-nanotechnology, and their future challenges. Nanotechnology has a great impact on the agricultural sector and will help improve agri-nanotechnology in the future.