Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes

Bone marrow failure refers to hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) injury which results in cytopenias due to impaired white blood cell, red blood cell, or platelet production. Bone marrow failure is classified as inherited due to germline mutations or acquired due to somatic HSC mutations. The management of bone marrow failure syndromes is complex and varies widely based on the disease etiology, patient age, comorbidities, and transplant eligibility. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the diagnosis and management of both acquired and inherited causes of bone marrow failure.