Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Metabolic and Hypertrophic Heart Failure

Growing evidence suggests the association of natriuretic peptides in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases, including congestive heart failure (CHF) and diabetes. The disease burden in CHF patients is due to high cardiacHypertrophy hypertrophyCardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart to various mechanical and pathological stimuli. Persistent pathophysiological load leads to the development of leftVentricular hypertrophy ventricular hypertrophyHypertrophy and subsequent heart failure. Brain natriuretic peptideBrain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been considered a promising diagnostic tool for diagnosing metabolic diseases in the new millennia. BNP peptide has systemic hemodynamic effects, local cytoprotective and antiproliferative properties. Elevated levels of plasma BNP are associated with left ventricular remodeling. The clinical and diagnostic significance of measuring plasma NT-proBNPNT-proBNP levels is beneficial to identifying patients with heart failure and predicting their survival rate. Increased plasma levels of BNP and NT-proBNP were observed after myocardial infarction compared to other natriuretic peptides. This article overviews the types of natriuretic peptides, their structureBrain natriuretic peptidesstructure, and the significance of BNP in metabolism and hypertrophyHypertrophy associated with heart failure.