Microgreen cultivation has gained significant attention in the agricultural sector due to its potential as a nutrient-dense, flavourful, and visually appealing food source. However, the conventional practices of microgreen production often pose challenges in terms of sustainability and productivity. To address these challenges, a new era in sustainable microgreen cultivation has emerged through the application of microbial consortia. Microbial consortia represent a novel approach that leverages the synergistic interactions between diverse microbial species, including bacteria, fungi, and algae. These microbial consortia help to optimize nutrient uptake, improve plant growth, and enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Through strategic manipulation of microbial communities, sustainable microgreen cultivation can be achieved. The application of microbial consortia minimizes the reliance on synthetic fertilizers and agrochemicals and promotes ecological balance and soil health. They open new avenues for the development of eco-friendly and resource-efficient farming practices, which fosters a more resilient and robust agricultural ecosystem. The present chapter discusses the fundamental mechanisms underlying the efficacy of microbial consortia in promoting sustainable microgreen cultivation. It highlights the intricate interplay between microbial diversity, plant-microbe interactions, and the physiological responses of microgreens. Furthermore, the chapter emphasizes the multifunctional role of microbial consortia as well as the interaction of microbes with each other within the consortium. Overall, the adoption of microbial consortia represents a transformative shift towards a greener and sustainable approach to microgreen production, heralding a promising future for the agricultural industry.