Lessons Learned

In today’s highly globalised world, countries and cities must be prepared for constant changes that affect them and occur in their micro and macro environment. It sounds paradoxical, but history shows us that this has always been the case, even if the speed and intensity of these changes was probably much slower in the past than it is today. The literature review shows that there is no consensus in economic society on the exact period of the beginning of industrialisation. The lack of consensus is supported by the fact that the industrialisation process started differently in different parts of Europe. The reasons for the delay in industrialisation varied: the geographical location of the countries, their institutional framework, the lack of natural resources, the structure of the economy, and so on. For example, certain parts of Europe experienced industrialisation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, while in other parts industrialisation only began at the start of the twentieth century.